{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-23278", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:45.991Z", "datePublished": "2026-03-20T08:08:58.566Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-20T08:08:58.566Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-03-20T08:08:58.566Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements\n\nDuring transaction processing we might have more than one catchall element:\n1 live catchall element and 1 pending element that is coming as part of the\nnew batch.\n\nIf the map holding the catchall elements is also going away, its\nrequired to toggle all catchall elements and not just the first viable\ncandidate.\n\nOtherwise, we get:\n WARNING: ./include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h:1281 at nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables], CPU#2: nft/1404\n RIP: 0010:nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables]\n [..]\n __nft_set_elem_destroy+0x106/0x380 [nf_tables]\n nf_tables_abort_release+0x348/0x8d0 [nf_tables]\n nf_tables_abort+0xcf2/0x3ac0 [nf_tables]\n nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0x9c9/0x20e0 [..]"}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c"], "versions": [{"version": "628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73", "lessThan": "de47a88c6b807910f05703fb6605f7efdaa11417", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73", "lessThan": "77c26b5056d693ffe5e9f040e946251cdb55ae55", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73", "lessThan": "7cb9a23d7ae40a702577d3d8bacb7026f04ac2a9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "bc9f791d2593f17e39f87c6e2b3a36549a3705b1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "3c7ec098e3b588434a8b07ea9b5b36f04cef1f50", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "a136b7942ad2a50de708f76ea299ccb45ac7a7f9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "25aa2ad37c2162be1c0bc4fe6397f7e4c13f00f8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "d60be2da67d172aecf866302c91ea11533eca4d9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "dc7cdf8cbcbf8b13de1df93f356ec04cdeef5c41", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.4", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.4", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.19.9", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.0-rc4", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.19"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.9"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.4", "versionEndExcluding": "7.0-rc4"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.316"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.4.262"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.188"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.121"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.36"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.3.10"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de47a88c6b807910f05703fb6605f7efdaa11417"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/77c26b5056d693ffe5e9f040e946251cdb55ae55"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cb9a23d7ae40a702577d3d8bacb7026f04ac2a9"}], "title": "netfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements\n\nDuring transaction processing we might have more than one catchall element:\n1 live catchall element and 1 pending element that is coming as part of the\nnew batch.\n\nIf the map holding the catchall elements is also going away, its\nrequired to toggle all catchall elements and not just the first viable\ncandidate.\n\nOtherwise, we get:\n WARNING: ./include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h:1281 at nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables], CPU#2: nft/1404\n RIP: 0010:nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables]\n [..]\n __nft_set_elem_destroy+0x106/0x380 [nf_tables]\n nf_tables_abort_release+0x348/0x8d0 [nf_tables]\n nf_tables_abort+0xcf2/0x3ac0 [nf_tables]\n nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0x9c9/0x20e0 [..]"}], "id": "CVE-2026-23278", "lastModified": "2026-03-20T09:16:13.690", "metrics": {}, "published": "2026-03-20T09:16:13.690", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/77c26b5056d693ffe5e9f040e946251cdb55ae55"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cb9a23d7ae40a702577d3d8bacb7026f04ac2a9"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de47a88c6b807910f05703fb6605f7efdaa11417"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{}

{"analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-03-20T09:51:23.997935+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Apply the latest Linux kernel patch that addresses the nf_tables catchall element handling issue.", "If an immediate kernel upgrade is not possible, disable nf_tables or netfilter features that depend on catchall elements, or restrict netlink netfilter rule manipulation to trusted users.", "Monitor kernel logs for occurrences of the nft_data_release warning and be prepared to reboot once the issue is resolved.", "Verify that after applying a kernel update the warning no longer appears and that normal traffic filtering operates correctly."], "summary": {"action": "Patch ASAP", "impact": "Denial of Service (kernel crash)"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability is present in the Linux kernel\u2019s netfilter nf_tables component, affecting the entire class of Linux kernel releases as indicated by the CPE string cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. Specific version ranges are not supplied by the CNA, so all kernel versions including nf_tables may be susceptible.", "description_and_impact": "During transaction processing the Linux kernel nf_tables module may have multiple catchall elements, one live and one pending. The current logic only toggles the first viable candidate when the map containing catchall elements is removed. Consequently, pending catchall elements remain unchecked, leading to a kernel warning and potentially an unrecoverable error during data release. This flaw allows an attacker to trigger a kernel panic or system instability, resulting in denial of service.", "risk_and_exploitability": "Severity metrics are not provided in the CVE record, and the EPSS score is unavailable, but the flaw resides in kernel code that can be triggered by manipulating netfilter rules via netlink interfaces. The likely attack vector is an attacker with the ability to create or modify nf_tables batches; such a privilege level would normally require local or privileged access. Because the issue can lead to a complete kernel crash, the risk is considered high. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog."}}}}, "created": "2026-03-20T10:36:41.648331+00:00", "updated": "2026-03-20T10:36:41.648373+00:00", "vendors": [], "weaknesses": ["CWE-416"]}