{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-43974", "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "EEF", "dateReserved": "2026-05-04T18:23:25.574Z", "datePublished": "2026-06-08T14:12:36.957Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:38.989Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["gun_http"], "packageName": "gun", "packageURL": "pkg:hex/gun", "product": "gun", "programFiles": ["src/gun_http.erl"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "gun_http:handle_inform/8"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun", "vendor": "ninenines", "versions": [{"lessThan": "2.4.0", "status": "affected", "version": "2.0.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}, {"collectionURL": "https://github.com", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["gun_http"], "packageName": "ninenines/gun", "packageURL": "pkg:github/ninenines/gun", "product": "gun", "programFiles": ["src/gun_http.erl"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "gun_http:handle_inform/8"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun.git", "vendor": "ninenines", "versions": [{"lessThan": "5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b", "status": "affected", "version": "a3c2edbb8c807717e2f10520c6cf1e77a62eab2e", "versionType": "git"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2.4.0", "versionStartIncluding": "2.0.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Peter Ullrich"}, {"lang": "en", "type": "remediation developer", "value": "Lo\u00efc Hoguin"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (<tt>gun_http</tt> module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.<p>In <tt>gun_http:handle_inform/8</tt>, when a <tt>101 Switching Protocols</tt> response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the <tt>Upgrade</tt> header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain <tt>reference()</tt>. It does not check whether the client ever sent an <tt>Upgrade</tt> or <tt>Connection: upgrade</tt> header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a <tt>gun_upgrade</tt> message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.</p><p>A malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, <tt>gun_raw</tt> applies no flow control (<tt>flow=infinity</tt>) and re-arms socket <tt>active</tt> mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded <tt>gun_data</tt> messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.</p><p>This issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.</p>"}], "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.\n\nIn gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.\n\nA malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.\n\nThis issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0."}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-220", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-220 Client-Server Protocol Manipulation"}]}, {"capecId": "CAPEC-130", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"}, "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-841", "description": "CWE-841 Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "shortName": "EEF", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T16:34:38.989Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["related", "third-party-advisory"], "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43974.html"}, {"tags": ["related"], "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43974"}, {"tags": ["patch"], "url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun/commit/5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "title": "gun HTTP/1.1 client accepts unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response allowing server-driven protocol hijack and OOM", "x_generator": {"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-06-08T15:41:42.657559Z", "id": "CVE-2026-43974", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T15:41:49.498Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-43974", "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "EEF", "dateReserved": "2026-05-04T18:23:25.574Z", "datePublished": "2026-06-08T14:12:36.957Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T15:41:49.498Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["gun_http"], "packageName": "gun", "packageURL": "pkg:hex/gun", "product": "gun", "programFiles": ["src/gun_http.erl"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "gun_http:handle_inform/8"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun", "vendor": "ninenines", "versions": [{"lessThan": "2.4.0", "status": "affected", "version": "2.0.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}, {"collectionURL": "https://github.com", "cpes": ["cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"], "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "modules": ["gun_http"], "packageName": "ninenines/gun", "packageURL": "pkg:github/ninenines/gun", "product": "gun", "programFiles": ["src/gun_http.erl"], "programRoutines": [{"name": "gun_http:handle_inform/8"}], "repo": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun.git", "vendor": "ninenines", "versions": [{"lessThan": "5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b", "status": "affected", "version": "a3c2edbb8c807717e2f10520c6cf1e77a62eab2e", "versionType": "git"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ninenines:gun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2.4.0", "versionStartIncluding": "2.0.0", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}], "operator": "AND"}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Peter Ullrich"}, {"lang": "en", "type": "remediation developer", "value": "Lo\u00efc Hoguin"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (<tt>gun_http</tt> module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.<p>In <tt>gun_http:handle_inform/8</tt>, when a <tt>101 Switching Protocols</tt> response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the <tt>Upgrade</tt> header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain <tt>reference()</tt>. It does not check whether the client ever sent an <tt>Upgrade</tt> or <tt>Connection: upgrade</tt> header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a <tt>gun_upgrade</tt> message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.</p><p>A malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, <tt>gun_raw</tt> applies no flow control (<tt>flow=infinity</tt>) and re-arms socket <tt>active</tt> mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded <tt>gun_data</tt> messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.</p><p>This issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0.</p>"}], "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.\n\nIn gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.\n\nA malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.\n\nThis issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0."}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-220", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-220 Client-Server Protocol Manipulation"}]}, {"capecId": "CAPEC-130", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"}, "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-841", "description": "CWE-841 Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "shortName": "EEF", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T14:15:51.636Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["related", "third-party-advisory"], "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43974.html"}, {"tags": ["related"], "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43974"}, {"tags": ["patch"], "url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun/commit/5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "title": "gun HTTP/1.1 client accepts unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response allowing server-driven protocol hijack and OOM", "x_generator": {"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-43974", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-06-08T15:41:42.657559Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-08T15:41:45.967Z"}}]}}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Unexpected Status Code or Return Value vulnerability in ninenines gun (gun_http module) allows a malicious HTTP server to force the client into raw protocol mode via an unsolicited 101 Switching Protocols response.\n\nIn gun_http:handle_inform/8, when a 101 Switching Protocols response is received over HTTP/1.1, the function verifies only that the Upgrade header is syntactically valid and that the stream reference is a plain reference(). It does not check whether the client ever sent an Upgrade or Connection: upgrade header on the corresponding request. Because this check is absent, any 101 response (solicited or not) causes gun to dispatch a gun_upgrade message to the caller and transition the entire connection to raw protocol mode.\n\nA malicious or compromised HTTP server can send an unsolicited 101 response to any HTTP/1.1 request, causing the gun client to abandon HTTP framing for that connection. Once in raw mode, gun_raw applies no flow control (flow=infinity) and re-arms socket active mode after every received packet, so the server can flood the client with arbitrary bytes. These are forwarded as unbounded gun_data messages to the owner process, exhausting its mailbox and BEAM memory, ultimately crashing the VM.\n\nThis issue affects gun: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0."}], "id": "CVE-2026-43974", "lastModified": "2026-06-08T15:16:46.870", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-06-08T15:16:46.870", "references": [{"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43974.html"}, {"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://github.com/ninenines/gun/commit/5b48068c29ce5e112cb149b5857c7d4dc319a81b"}, {"source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43974"}], "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-841"}], "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{}

{"created": "2026-06-08T16:00:16.625896+00:00", "updated": "2026-06-08T16:00:16.625919+00:00", "vendors": []}