| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the JWT header’s alg value to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly specify an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. As part of this fix, the JWT middleware now requires the alg option to be explicitly specified. This prevents algorithm confusion by ensuring that the verification algorithm is not derived from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4. |
| Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the algorithm specified in the JWT header to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly define an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. The JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware has been updated to require an explicit allowlist of asymmetric algorithms when verifying tokens. The middleware no longer derives the verification algorithm from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: xhci: tegra: fix sleep in atomic call
When we set the dual-role port to Host mode, we observed the following
splat:
[ 167.057718] BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at
include/linux/sched/mm.h:229
[ 167.057872] Workqueue: events tegra_xusb_usb_phy_work
[ 167.057954] Call trace:
[ 167.057962] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x210
[ 167.057996] show_stack+0x30/0x50
[ 167.058020] dump_stack_lvl+0x64/0x84
[ 167.058065] dump_stack+0x14/0x34
[ 167.058100] __might_resched+0x144/0x180
[ 167.058140] __might_sleep+0x64/0xd0
[ 167.058171] slab_pre_alloc_hook.constprop.0+0xa8/0x110
[ 167.058202] __kmalloc_track_caller+0x74/0x2b0
[ 167.058233] kvasprintf+0xa4/0x190
[ 167.058261] kasprintf+0x58/0x90
[ 167.058285] tegra_xusb_find_port_node.isra.0+0x58/0xd0
[ 167.058334] tegra_xusb_find_port+0x38/0xa0
[ 167.058380] tegra_xusb_padctl_get_usb3_companion+0x38/0xd0
[ 167.058430] tegra_xhci_id_notify+0x8c/0x1e0
[ 167.058473] notifier_call_chain+0x88/0x100
[ 167.058506] atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x44/0x70
[ 167.058537] tegra_xusb_usb_phy_work+0x60/0xd0
[ 167.058581] process_one_work+0x1dc/0x4c0
[ 167.058618] worker_thread+0x54/0x410
[ 167.058650] kthread+0x188/0x1b0
[ 167.058672] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
The function tegra_xusb_padctl_get_usb3_companion eventually calls
tegra_xusb_find_port and this in turn calls kasprintf which might sleep
and so cannot be called from an atomic context.
Fix this by moving the call to tegra_xusb_padctl_get_usb3_companion to
the tegra_xhci_id_work function where it is really needed. |
| ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.9.1 and 3.4.6, a user enumeration vulnerability has been discovered in Zitadel's login interfaces. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw to confirm the existence of valid user accounts by iterating through usernames and userIDs. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.9.1 and 3.4.6. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iw_cxgb4: Fix potential NULL dereference in c4iw_fill_res_cm_id_entry()
This condition needs to match the previous "if (epcp->state == LISTEN) {"
exactly to avoid a NULL dereference of either "listen_ep" or "ep". The
problem is that "epcp" has been re-assigned so just testing
"if (epcp->state == LISTEN) {" a second time is not sufficient. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: Add lwtunnel encap size of all siblings in nexthop calculation
In function rt6_nlmsg_size(), the length of nexthop is calculated
by multipling the nexthop length of fib6_info and the number of
siblings. However if the fib6_info has no lwtunnel but the siblings
have lwtunnels, the nexthop length is less than it should be, and
it will trigger a warning in inet6_rt_notify() as follows:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6082 at net/ipv6/route.c:6180 inet6_rt_notify+0x120/0x130
......
Call Trace:
<TASK>
fib6_add_rt2node+0x685/0xa30
fib6_add+0x96/0x1b0
ip6_route_add+0x50/0xd0
inet6_rtm_newroute+0x97/0xa0
rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x156/0x3d0
netlink_rcv_skb+0x5a/0x110
netlink_unicast+0x246/0x350
netlink_sendmsg+0x250/0x4c0
sock_sendmsg+0x66/0x70
___sys_sendmsg+0x7c/0xd0
__sys_sendmsg+0x5d/0xb0
do_syscall_64+0x3f/0x90
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
This bug can be reproduced by script:
ip -6 addr add 2002::2/64 dev ens2
ip -6 route add 100::/64 via 2002::1 dev ens2 metric 100
for i in 10 20 30 40 50 60 70;
do
ip link add link ens2 name ipv_$i type ipvlan
ip -6 addr add 2002::$i/64 dev ipv_$i
ifconfig ipv_$i up
done
for i in 10 20 30 40 50 60;
do
ip -6 route append 100::/64 encap ip6 dst 2002::$i via 2002::1
dev ipv_$i metric 100
done
ip -6 route append 100::/64 via 2002::1 dev ipv_70 metric 100
This patch fixes it by adding nexthop_len of every siblings using
rt6_nh_nlmsg_size(). |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tracing/synthetic: Fix races on freeing last_cmd
Currently, the "last_cmd" variable can be accessed by multiple processes
asynchronously when multiple users manipulate synthetic_events node
at the same time, it could lead to use-after-free or double-free.
This patch add "lastcmd_mutex" to prevent "last_cmd" from being accessed
asynchronously.
================================================================
It's easy to reproduce in the KASAN environment by running the two
scripts below in different shells.
script 1:
while :
do
echo -n -e '\x88' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events
done
script 2:
while :
do
echo -n -e '\xb0' > /sys/kernel/tracing/synthetic_events
done
================================================================
double-free scenario:
process A process B
------------------- ---------------
1.kstrdup last_cmd
2.free last_cmd
3.free last_cmd(double-free)
================================================================
use-after-free scenario:
process A process B
------------------- ---------------
1.kstrdup last_cmd
2.free last_cmd
3.tracing_log_err(use-after-free)
================================================================
Appendix 1. KASAN report double-free:
BUG: KASAN: double-free in kfree+0xdc/0x1d4
Free of addr ***** by task sh/4879
Call trace:
...
kfree+0xdc/0x1d4
create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
...
Allocated by task 4879:
...
kstrdup+0x5c/0x98
create_or_delete_synth_event+0x6c/0x1e8
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
...
Freed by task 5464:
...
kfree+0xdc/0x1d4
create_or_delete_synth_event+0x60/0x1e8
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
...
================================================================
Appendix 2. KASAN report use-after-free:
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in strlen+0x5c/0x7c
Read of size 1 at addr ***** by task sh/5483
sh: CPU: 7 PID: 5483 Comm: sh
...
__asan_report_load1_noabort+0x34/0x44
strlen+0x5c/0x7c
tracing_log_err+0x60/0x444
create_or_delete_synth_event+0xc4/0x204
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
...
Allocated by task 5483:
...
kstrdup+0x5c/0x98
create_or_delete_synth_event+0x80/0x204
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
...
Freed by task 5480:
...
kfree+0xdc/0x1d4
create_or_delete_synth_event+0x74/0x204
trace_parse_run_command+0x2bc/0x4b8
synth_events_write+0x20/0x30
vfs_write+0x200/0x830
... |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cxl/acpi: Fix a use-after-free in cxl_parse_cfmws()
KASAN and KFENCE detected an user-after-free in the CXL driver. This
happens in the cxl_decoder_add() fail path. KASAN prints the following
error:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in cxl_parse_cfmws (drivers/cxl/acpi.c:299)
This happens in cxl_parse_cfmws(), where put_device() is called,
releasing cxld, which is accessed later.
Use the local variables in the dev_err() instead of pointing to the
released memory. Since the dev_err() is printing a resource, change the open
coded print format to use the %pr format specifier. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ubi: ubi_wl_put_peb: Fix infinite loop when wear-leveling work failed
Following process will trigger an infinite loop in ubi_wl_put_peb():
ubifs_bgt ubi_bgt
ubifs_leb_unmap
ubi_leb_unmap
ubi_eba_unmap_leb
ubi_wl_put_peb wear_leveling_worker
e1 = rb_entry(rb_first(&ubi->used)
e2 = get_peb_for_wl(ubi)
ubi_io_read_vid_hdr // return err (flash fault)
out_error:
ubi->move_from = ubi->move_to = NULL
wl_entry_destroy(ubi, e1)
ubi->lookuptbl[e->pnum] = NULL
retry:
e = ubi->lookuptbl[pnum]; // return NULL
if (e == ubi->move_from) { // NULL == NULL gets true
goto retry; // infinite loop !!!
$ top
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM COMMAND
7676 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 100.0 0.0 ubifs_bgt0_0
Fix it by:
1) Letting ubi_wl_put_peb() returns directly if wearl leveling entry has
been removed from 'ubi->lookuptbl'.
2) Using 'ubi->wl_lock' protecting wl entry deletion to preventing an
use-after-free problem for wl entry in ubi_wl_put_peb().
Fetch a reproducer in [Link]. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu: Fix error unwind in iommu_group_alloc()
If either iommu_group_grate_file() fails then the
iommu_group is leaked.
Destroy it on these error paths.
Found by kselftest/iommu/iommufd_fail_nth |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
lib: cpu_rmap: Avoid use after free on rmap->obj array entries
When calling irq_set_affinity_notifier() with NULL at the notify
argument, it will cause freeing of the glue pointer in the
corresponding array entry but will leave the pointer in the array. A
subsequent call to free_irq_cpu_rmap() will try to free this entry again
leading to possible use after free.
Fix that by setting NULL to the array entry and checking that we have
non-zero at the array entry when iterating over the array in
free_irq_cpu_rmap().
The current code does not suffer from this since there are no cases
where irq_set_affinity_notifier(irq, NULL) (note the NULL passed for the
notify arg) is called, followed by a call to free_irq_cpu_rmap() so we
don't hit and issue. Subsequent patches in this series excersize this
flow, hence the required fix. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs/ntfs3: Enhance the attribute size check
This combines the overflow and boundary check so that all attribute size
will be properly examined while enumerating them.
[ 169.181521] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.183161] Read of size 1 at addr ffff8880094b6240 by task mount/247
[ 169.184046]
[ 169.184925] CPU: 0 PID: 247 Comm: mount Not tainted 6.0.0-rc7+ #3
[ 169.185908] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 169.187066] Call Trace:
[ 169.187492] <TASK>
[ 169.188049] dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x63
[ 169.188495] print_report.cold+0xf5/0x689
[ 169.188964] ? run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.189331] kasan_report+0xa7/0x130
[ 169.189714] ? run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.190079] __asan_load1+0x51/0x60
[ 169.190634] run_unpack+0x2e3/0x570
[ 169.191290] ? run_pack+0x840/0x840
[ 169.191569] ? run_lookup_entry+0xb3/0x1f0
[ 169.192443] ? mi_enum_attr+0x20a/0x230
[ 169.192886] run_unpack_ex+0xad/0x3e0
[ 169.193276] ? run_unpack+0x570/0x570
[ 169.193557] ? ni_load_mi+0x80/0x80
[ 169.193889] ? debug_smp_processor_id+0x17/0x20
[ 169.194236] ? mi_init+0x4a/0x70
[ 169.194496] attr_load_runs_vcn+0x166/0x1c0
[ 169.194851] ? attr_data_write_resident+0x250/0x250
[ 169.195188] mi_read+0x133/0x2c0
[ 169.195481] ntfs_iget5+0x277/0x1780
[ 169.196017] ? call_rcu+0x1c7/0x330
[ 169.196392] ? ntfs_get_block_bmap+0x70/0x70
[ 169.196708] ? evict+0x223/0x280
[ 169.197014] ? __kmalloc+0x33/0x540
[ 169.197305] ? wnd_init+0x15b/0x1b0
[ 169.197599] ntfs_fill_super+0x1026/0x1ba0
[ 169.197994] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 169.198299] ? vsprintf+0x20/0x20
[ 169.198583] ? mutex_unlock+0x81/0xd0
[ 169.198930] ? set_blocksize+0x95/0x150
[ 169.199269] get_tree_bdev+0x232/0x370
[ 169.199750] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0
[ 169.200094] ntfs_fs_get_tree+0x15/0x20
[ 169.200431] vfs_get_tree+0x4c/0x130
[ 169.200714] path_mount+0x654/0xfe0
[ 169.201067] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.201358] ? finish_automount+0x2e0/0x2e0
[ 169.201965] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.202445] ? kmem_cache_free+0x1c4/0x440
[ 169.203075] ? putname+0x80/0xa0
[ 169.203414] do_mount+0xd6/0xf0
[ 169.203719] ? path_mount+0xfe0/0xfe0
[ 169.203977] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20
[ 169.204382] __x64_sys_mount+0xca/0x110
[ 169.204711] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
[ 169.205059] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
[ 169.205571] RIP: 0033:0x7f67a80e948a
[ 169.206327] Code: 48 8b 0d 11 fa 2a 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 49 89 ca b8 a5 00 00 008
[ 169.208296] RSP: 002b:00007ffddf020f58 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000a5
[ 169.209253] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055e2547a6060 RCX: 00007f67a80e948a
[ 169.209777] RDX: 000055e2547a6260 RSI: 000055e2547a62e0 RDI: 000055e2547aeaf0
[ 169.210342] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 000055e2547a6280 R09: 0000000000000020
[ 169.210843] R10: 00000000c0ed0000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 000055e2547aeaf0
[ 169.211307] R13: 000055e2547a6260 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00000000ffffffff
[ 169.211913] </TASK>
[ 169.212304]
[ 169.212680] Allocated by task 0:
[ 169.212963] (stack is not available)
[ 169.213200]
[ 169.213472] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8880094b5e00
[ 169.213472] which belongs to the cache UDP of size 1152
[ 169.214095] The buggy address is located 1088 bytes inside of
[ 169.214095] 1152-byte region [ffff8880094b5e00, ffff8880094b6280)
[ 169.214639]
[ 169.215004] The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
[ 169.215766] page:000000002e324c8c refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x94b4
[ 169.218412] head:000000002e324c8c order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
[ 169.219078] flags: 0xfffffc0010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x1fffff)
[ 169.220272] raw: 000fffffc0010200
---truncated--- |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
powerpc/rtas_flash: allow user copy to flash block cache objects
With hardened usercopy enabled (CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY=y), using the
/proc/powerpc/rtas/firmware_update interface to prepare a system
firmware update yields a BUG():
kernel BUG at mm/usercopy.c:102!
Oops: Exception in kernel mode, sig: 5 [#1]
LE PAGE_SIZE=64K MMU=Hash SMP NR_CPUS=2048 NUMA pSeries
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 2232 Comm: dd Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3+ #2
Hardware name: IBM,8408-E8E POWER8E (raw) 0x4b0201 0xf000004 of:IBM,FW860.50 (SV860_146) hv:phyp pSeries
NIP: c0000000005991d0 LR: c0000000005991cc CTR: 0000000000000000
REGS: c0000000148c76a0 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (6.5.0-rc3+)
MSR: 8000000000029033 <SF,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE> CR: 24002242 XER: 0000000c
CFAR: c0000000001fbd34 IRQMASK: 0
[ ... GPRs omitted ... ]
NIP usercopy_abort+0xa0/0xb0
LR usercopy_abort+0x9c/0xb0
Call Trace:
usercopy_abort+0x9c/0xb0 (unreliable)
__check_heap_object+0x1b4/0x1d0
__check_object_size+0x2d0/0x380
rtas_flash_write+0xe4/0x250
proc_reg_write+0xfc/0x160
vfs_write+0xfc/0x4e0
ksys_write+0x90/0x160
system_call_exception+0x178/0x320
system_call_common+0x160/0x2c4
The blocks of the firmware image are copied directly from user memory
to objects allocated from flash_block_cache, so flash_block_cache must
be created using kmem_cache_create_usercopy() to mark it safe for user
access.
[mpe: Trim and indent oops] |
| lakeFS is an open-source tool that transforms object storage into a Git-like repositories. LakeFS's S3 gateway does not validate timestamps in authenticated requests, allowing replay attacks. Prior to 1.75.0, an attacker who captures a valid signed request (e.g., through network interception, logs, or compromised systems) can replay that request until credentials are rotated, even after the request is intended to expire. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.75.0. |
| An improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSIEM 7.4.0, FortiSIEM 7.3.0 through 7.3.4, FortiSIEM 7.1.0 through 7.1.8, FortiSIEM 7.0.0 through 7.0.4, FortiSIEM 6.7.0 through 6.7.10 may allow an attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted TCP requests. |
| ** REJECT ** DO NOT USE THIS CANDIDATE NUMBER. ConsultIDs: CVE-2025-68016. Reason: This candidate is a reservation duplicate of CVE-2025-68016. Notes: All CVE users should reference CVE-2025-68016 instead of this candidate. All references and descriptions in this candidate have been removed to prevent accidental usage. |
| Uploadify WordPress plugin versions up to and including 1.0 contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in process_upload.php due to missing file type validation. An unauthenticated remote attacker can upload arbitrary files to the affected WordPress site, which may allow remote code execution by uploading executable content to a web-accessible location. |
| October is a Content Management System (CMS) and web platform. Prior to versions 3.7.13 and 4.0.12, a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability was identified in October CMS backend configuration forms. A user with the Global Editor Settings permission could inject malicious HTML/JS into the stylesheet input at Markup Styles. A specially crafted input could break out of the intended <style> context, allowing arbitrary script execution across backend pages for all users. This issue has been patched in versions 3.7.13 and 4.0.12. |
| October is a Content Management System (CMS) and web platform. Prior to versions 3.7.13 and 4.0.12, a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities was identified in October CMS backend configuration forms. A user with the Customize Backend Styles permission could inject malicious HTML/JS into the stylesheet input at Styles from Branding & Appearance settings. A specially crafted input could break out of the intended <style> context, allowing arbitrary script execution across backend pages for all users. This issue has been patched in versions 3.7.13 and 4.0.12. |
| IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.1.0 could allow a local user to escalate their privileges due to a race condition of a symbolic link. |
